Elements of Music

 Section 1: Triads

Major Triads: Major third, perfect 5th    

Minor Triads: Minor third, perfect fifth    

Augmented Triads: major third, aug. fifth

Diminished Triads: minor third, diminished fifth

Inverting Chords: changing the position of the notes

1st inversion: bass note is now 3rd of the chord

2nd inversion: 5th is the bass note of the chord

Section 2: Seventh Chords:

-4 notes total in the triad: triad + seventh

-Major triad and a minor 7th = dominant 7th chord

-major triad + major 7th = major 7th chord

-minor triad + minor 7th = minor 7th chord

-fully diminished 7th chord

Section 3: Diatonic Triads: every major and minor scale has seven specials triads which are found from that scale's notes.

-pattern for major scales: maj, min, min, maj, maj, min, dim, maj

-Natural minor: min, dim, maj, min, min, maj, maj, min

-Harmonic Minor: min, dim, aug, min, maj, maj, dim, min

-Melodic minor: min, min, aug, maj, maj, dim, dim, maj 

Section 4: Texture

Monophony: a single voice music without accompaniment 

Heterophony: multiple voices elaborating the same melody

Polyphony: many varied texture based on counterpart, multiple melodies occurring simultaneously. 

Homophony: one melodic voice is prominent over the accompanying lines, or voices

Homorythmic: a type of homophonic texture in which all voices are together

Section 5: Form

-form is how music is organized

Phrase: short musical idea - like a sentence

Section: a few phrases put together - like a paragraph

Form and Structure is used to describe the order of the sections

Binary Form: 2 sections: A and B

Ternary Form: 3 section music: A, B, A

Strophic Form: Common in songs, features repeated music for each stanza of text

Theme: melodic idea 

Fugue: a contrapuntal composition in which a short melody or phrase is introduced by one part and successively taken up by others and is developed by interconnecting parts

-baroque period

-uses counterpoint, where multiple melodic lines= harmony / polyphonic texture

-exposition: usually a section where the melodic idea is changed

-variation: some aspects of the music is altered, but the original is still recognizable / different way of playing the same theme





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